Pengembangan E-LKPD Berbasis Problem Based Learning untuk Melatih Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa pada Materi Sistem Pernapasan Kelas XI IPA di MAN 2 Jember

Abstract

This research is motivated by students in Indonesia being required to have 21st century skills to be able to compete in the 4.0 industrial revolution through HOTS-based learning (Higher Other Thinking Skills). Meanwhile, the facts on the ground that Indonesian students' mathematical and scientific abilities at the international level are still low, based on the PISA assessment. The problems obtained during observations at MAN 2 Jember, students' critical thinking skills are still low. This was explained by the biology teacher of class XI IPA that students when working on questions still copied directly the answers in the LKS without being analyzed first. In fact, students are said to have critical thinking skills if they are able to test arguments and solve problems. The purpose of this research is to produce valid, practical, and effective PBL-based e-LKPD to practice critical thinking skills. The method in this study is a research and development method using a 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, Desseminate), but in this study it was limited to the Develop stage due to time constraints in the study. The subjects in this study were 2 validator lecturers. material experts, 2 validator lecturers, media experts, biology teachers, and 35 students of class XI IPA MAN 2 Jember. The results showed that the validation of material experts obtained an average percentage of 89.87% (very valid), media experts 91.25% (very valid), practicality obtained a percentage of 83.21% (very practical), the effectiveness of e-LKPD was obtained from the percentage of results pretest and posttest indicators of critical thinking skills of 91.4% (effective).

Keywords: E-LKPD, Problem Based Learning, Respiratory System

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh siswa di Indonesia yang dituntut memiliki keterampilan abad 21 untuk dapat bersaing dalam revolusi industri 4.0 melalui pembelajaran berbasis HOTS (Higher Other Thinking Skills). Sedangkan fakta di lapangan kemampuan matematika dan sains siswa Indonesia di level internasional masih rendah, yaitu berdasarkan penilaian PISA. Adapun permasalahan yang diperoleh saat observasi di MAN 2 Jember, kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa masih rendah. Hal ini dipaparkan oleh guru biologi kelas XI IPA bahwa siswa ketika mengerjakan soal masih menyalin langsung jawaban di LKS tanpa dianalisis terlebih dahulu. Padahal, siswa dikatakan mempunyai kemampuan berpikir kritis jika mampu mampu menguji argumen dan menyelesaikan masalah. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menghasilkan e-LKPD berbasis PBL yang valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan menggunakan model 4D (Define, Design, Develop, Desseminate), akan tetapi dalam penelitian ini dibatasi hanya sampai tahap Develop karena adanya keterbatasan waktu dalam penelitian. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu 2 dosen validator. ahli materi, 2 dosen validator ahli media, guru biologi, dan siswa kelas XI IPA MAN 2 Jember yang berjumlah 35 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa validasi ahli materi memperoleh rerata persentase 89,87% (sangat valid), ahli media 91,25%(sangat valid), kepraktisan memperoleh persentase 83,21% (sangat praktis), keefektifan e-LKPD diperoleh dari persentase hasil pretest dan posttest indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis sebesar 91,4% (efektif).

Kata kunci: E-LKPD, Problem Based Learning, Sistem Pernapasan